【 Weak current College 】 stage, film and television character and type of lamp

Stage, film and television lights (luminaireforstage)

In theatrical and TV/film production, in order to achieve some kind of lighting and light effect and the use of a type of lighting. It contributes to the performance of the program content that reflects the author's intent to express a artistic atmosphere, and makes the audience, photography (image)-get the correct color perception and exposure. And other lamps, of such lamps mostly have to change the angle of the beam and the proliferation of light and colours, and equipped with focus, Aperture, screen frames, and other special institutions.

A brief history

The earliest stage lamp development, film, TV, lamp lights later. Early performance using natural light and torches, candles, oil lamps, lighting. 17 century appear picture frame stage, stage lights by uncontrollable source development to control light intensity and color of the lamp. 1804, a burning acetylene gas heating up quicklime incandescence lamp and lamp for stage lighting. The 19th century, stage lights has used gas, kerosene lamp and electric light source, lighting in the spotlight and astigmatism lights (floodlights), and will be distributed in stage lighting inside and outside, the centralized control of the stage lighting gradually entering art lighting field. 1960s, stage lights have been trend series, systematic, automated, lighting the way takes a holistic and computer-controlled, and extensive use of laser and voice effects.

Initial movie lights to incandescent lamps, carbon arc lamp and high pressure mercury lamp as the light source used to shoot lit. 1960s began using halogen lamps, the color temperature to 3200K, color index 99, ensuring the color tablet of color reproduction. In the early 1970s, the Chinese invented the DC dy: YAG lamp, color temperature 5500K reached, color index more than 80, and with no exchange of stroboscopic, etc., has guaranteed the daylight color film color reproduction and shoot outside the Interior view.

TV lamp is 1950 in theatre, film and light developed on the basis of. Due to the sensitivity of the camera tube higher and higher, TV lamp power decrease accordingly. Especially small Studio and the rapid development of closed-circuit television, on the TV lights made a special request, a rod control lamps, electric lamps, etc.

Composition

Stage, film and television lights from the light source, optical parts, machinery parts and electric components. ① light source. With incandescent lamps, halogen lamps and metal halide lamps, etc. Their luminous body is dot, strip or rectangle, geometric shapes, color temperature 5500K 3200K, there are two ways that the color index in more than 80. ② optical components. According to the light-emitting body shape and lighting, imaging, and other usage requirements, reflectors, lenses (condenser), objective lens optical system, etc. ③ mechanical parts. A bracing and retaining optical, thermal, heat insulation, etc., and to guarantee the stability of the optical system is reliable and play a variety of features, including the light beam angle zoom and small, on the lens or variable-focus lens focusing, effects of motor mechanical transmission, etc. ④ electrical parts. Including regulated power supply, lighting accessories (triggers, ballast, rheostat, etc.), dimmer and on the effects of driving motor control of variable speed electric lines, etc.

Features

Stage lights to help the audience directly see all scenarios on the stage or part of the scene, making the stage scenery looks crisp, and better performance in the play's author's intent and works of art, light and shade variation range, lighting the area is also great. Video light use in the Studio, Studio or field scene, "audience" is removable and can be used for technical handling of the camera or video camera, near many lighting lights in addition there are artistic effect so that the camera tube or film properly exposed role, particularly in order to restore the good color, in the light (Interior shooting) requirements to 3200K color temperature of light, color index 90 above, the Sun (paiwaijing) more than for 5500K and 80.

Type

Stage, film and TV lamp can be its exit beam characteristics into the spotlight, astigmatism lights and effect light 3 class.

Spotlight

Get local projection lamps light effect. Beam angle adjustable light focus more on the edge, spot, with filter frame. According to spot edge profile of clarity can be divided into the following 3 types. ① soft light spotlight. The contours of the light, soft, standard Fresnel lens is also known as Fresnel lens spotlight. ② flat-convex lens spotlight. Ray's outline clearer, the intensity is high, is commonly used on the stage of a lamp. ③ Imaging spotlight. The principle of using imaging so that the shadows of the beams in arena produces dark boundaries marked spot for tracking a performer or lighting local scope.

Astigmatism lights

Beam spread angle, spot soft uniform edge traces of a type of lighting. It only uses a reflector with filter frame. A lattice of light, lamp, light, and days tentorial astigmatism tablets astigmatism lights, four and six with astigmatism lights, outdoor lights, and many other varieties of astigmatism.

Effect light

Use of lighting, mechanical and electrical control combinations, shadows in a variety of scenery, the natural World Meteorological changes and unreal spectacle of a stage, film and television signals. To demonstrate various features of static scenes and activities such as rain, snow, fire, clouds, waves, lightning, Sun, etc, you can also use dynamic shadows for the performance of various landscape background, mine, etc.